Volume 3 Issue 9
Authors: M. Mustafa; M. R. Beigh
Abstract: Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is one of the alternative technologies to conventional CMOS. As CMOS technology continues its constant shrink, the scale down problems become more predominant and unavoidable. Computing with quantum dots remains a viable goal in nanotechnology research and development. Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a paradigm for low-power, high-speed and highly dense computing that could be realized in a variety of material systems. This paper reviews the basic paradigm of QCA and presents a design and layout of an 8-bit Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) based on QCA. In the present work the divide and conquer method is used to develop the design. The design problem was first considered for 1-bit quantities and then these solutions were combined in designing an 8-bit ALU.
Keywords: Nanocomputing; QCA; ALU; QCA logic; Multiplexer; QCA Designer
Authors: Erkki K. Laitinen
Abstract: The objective is to analyse the relationship between managerial role, functional area, type of communication, place of doing work, and the use of information. It is hypothesized that managerial work role and functional area of a chief executive officer (CEO) have an influence on the type of communication and the place of doing work which together influence the importance of information. The hypotheses are presented in a form of a research model that is tested using Partial Least Squares (PLS) method for survey data responded by 215 Finnish top managers (CEO) from firms of different industries and size classes. Managerial work is measured by Mintzberg (1973) work roles reflected by importance of twenty tasks. The results show that the managerial role affects the functional area that in turn affects communication and place. The importance of information perspective is associated with the managerial role, and also connected to the functional area. However, it is not associated with communication and place. This is important for information system design because communication and place are exposed to rapid developments in modern society.
Keywords: Managerial Role; CEO Work; Communication; Work Place; Information Perspective; Information Scope; Finnish Firms; PLS
Authors: Babalola Sunday Oyetayo; Oluwadare Isaac Olamiju; Michael Ajide Oyinloye
Abstract: Natural hazards have become an issue of growing concern throughout the world. The magnitude of the related disasters, threatening large population living in diverse environments show a dramatic rise everywhere in recent years. Due to structural growth and the booming economics activities within the flood plain of River Ala in Akure, Nigeria has induced flooding in this city, with subsequent loss of properties, life and human settlement. The objectives of the paper were to determine the causes of flooding in the area; identify areas where activities and development need to be monitored and to devise a workable framework for managing flood problems in the study area. For this study, a SPOT imagery of the area was acquired. ArcGIS 9.0 software was employed to obtain information by the process of digitizing the SPOT imagery for the purpose of delineating River Ala flood plain. The results obtained implicated dumpsites within the river channel as well as structural development within the River Ala flood plain as the major causes of environmental hazards in this section of the city, especially during rain period. The study recommends structural and non-structural strategies for mitigating the effects of flooding on the residents and infrastructures. Structural measures in terms of construction of levee and flood walls along river channel to protect the buildings are most vulnerable. Non-structural measures include landuse planning and legislation against encroachment on flood plains.
Keywords: Environmental Hazards; Geographical Information Systems (GIS); Flood crisis; Nigeria
Authors: Yngve Monfelt
Abstract: This paper concerns life cycle process (LCP) sustainability measures in seven technical layers’ (7TL) and seven social layers’ (7SL) adaptation (APT) in the systemic 14-layered (14L) framework context (CXT). It is an actor’s view on the APT of which is introduced as control and communication about information security (ISC) issues (COINS) and its virtual information security machine (ISM).
Keywords: Confidentiality (COF); Integrity (ITY); Accessibility (ACS) and Availability (ABY); Message (MSG); Authenticity (AUT); Accountability (ACT); Non-repudiation (NRP); Reliability (RBY)
Authors: Sergio Martín; Enrique Dorronzoro; José A. Ribeiro; José A. Gómez; A. Verónica Medina
Abstract: This paper presents an analysis of the behaviour of an indoor position system based on fingerprints and IEEE 802.15.4 that has been adapted to be tested in a competition, called EvAAL (Evaluating AAL Systems through Competitive Benchmarking), hold both in Madrid (tests) and Eindhoven (results). The objectives of this analysis are to determine the best algorithm that should have been applied in order to obtain the best results in the competition to use them in other environments. Among the different combinations that can be applied, i.e., the way the signature database is filled in and the algorithm uses to determine the closest location point, the best results are obtained using a global signature database where each signature entry is calculated by the medium of samples signatures database and the closest location is determined by a centroid algorithm with the parameter c set to 1.3. In this way, the error made improves the one obtained in the EvAAL, which is reduced by 100 centimetres.
Keywords: IEEE 802.15.4; RSSI; Centroid; Indoor position; ZigBee; WSN; BitCloud; OpenMAC
Authors: S. R. Sabuj; S. E. Ullah; S. M. A. Islam; K. J. A. Chisty
Abstract: Multiple relay cooperative communication is well known to enhance the performance of wireless networks. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the dominating transmission techniques in wireless communication systems. The development of cooperative communication with multiple input multiple output (MIMO) OFDM systems has promised significant improvements in reliability and throughput for wireless networks by utilizing multiple relays between the source and destination. In the present study, a mathematical model for cooperative MIMO-OFDM system under amplify and forward (AF) multiple relays has been developed and implemented to evaluate system performance. Under scenario of text message and audio frequency signal transmission, it is observable from the simulation study that the multiple relay cooperative MIMO-OFDM system with minimum mean square error - successive interference cancellation (MMSE-SIC) signal detection and BPSK digital modulation schemes outperforms as compared to single relay cooperative MIMO-OFDM system.
Keywords: Cooperative Communication; Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing; Amplify and Forward; Minimum Mean Square Error - Successive Interference Cancellation and Zero Forcing - Successive Interference Cancellation