Volume 2 Issue 4
Authors: S. E. Abdallah; W. M. Elmessery
Abstract: Success in designing affordable automated control systems for aquaculture will be widely applicable because it will enhance water management. Intensive recirculation systems have the potential for a significant increase in production per volume of water requiring dissolved oxygen monitoring and control. An intelligent Lab View dissolved oxygen sensing unit was designed using only one oxygen sensor and its transmitter for monitoring several tanks. Peristaltic pumps extracted water from each tank without adding oxygen to the sample. Measurements were auto-calibrated and statistically diagnosed using the air dissolved oxygen measurements. Dissolved oxygen sensor membrane fouling from algal blooms, sediments or suspended water droplets still attached to the membrane at the moment of oxygen measurements in the air were analyzed; the system controlled membrane fouling problems. Dissolved oxygen changes with temperature and fish feeding were analyzed from three tanks having each carps in a different growth stage. Dissolved oxygen mass balance was studied to gain a better understanding of events which can contribute to low dissolved oxygen concentration, such as heavy plankton blooms and high temperature.
Keywords: Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring; System Control; Auto-Calibration; Oxygen Mass Balance
Authors: Asha Juwarkar; Sanjeev K. Singh; Prashant R. Thawale; R. Karthik; Surbhi Jore
Abstract: This paper examines the socio-economic impact of proposed dam on cropland productivity of Mahadayi project, Karnataka, India. Systematic appraisal of dam and their designing by categories of classes on the basis of physical and chemical characteristics of soil has been done in favour of development of agronomic conditions for the study of proposed dam sites in Karnataka. The study is aimed at the effective utilization of land according to their classes. Documentation on the land capability classification is a versatile component in formulation effective land use planning before the construction of dam. Thus an attempt was made to evaluate dominantly occurring soils on four class’s viz. soil depth, soil texture, soil drainage and soil erosion. The study was focused on the evaluation of economics of crop production based on agro climatic condition of the study area and existing cropping pattern. This study is important as it explores how an input of water and nutrient would respond under variable climatic conditions. In addition, interactions of water supplies with fertilizer rates at optimizing these resources need have been investigated. This paper identifies key challenges and solutions for carrying out project-level economic analysis of adaptation to climate change, both stand-alone and integrated into broader development projects. Very few projects addressing adaptation thus far have been subject to in-depth and rigorous economic analysis for a variety of reasons, including a lack of guidance on how to deal with assessments of the impacts of climate change, as well as with estimating costs and benefits of adaptation under uncertainty. Our focus is on the agricultural sector, where the impacts of climate change have the potential to disrupt the livelihoods of rural populations in many regions and where adaptation must be given urgent consideration. Nevertheless, some of the approaches discussed are suitable to projects in other sectors.
Keywords: Socio-Economic; Dam; Agronomic Condition; Land Capability Classification; Catchment Area; Crop Productivity; Land Suitability Maps