Volume 4 Issue 1
Authors: Fayiz El-Shamy; Magda Morsy
Abstract: Lactating women have been reported to be at higher risk for De Quervain’s tenosynovitis. However, there is no consensus on the conservative treatment of this disease, which differs based on the severity of its signs and symptoms. This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of ultrasound therapy in women with postpartum De Quervain’s disease. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was designed. Twenty lactating women between 20 and 25 years of age with De Quervain's tenosynovitis, enrolling in the study were randomly assigned into two groups including continuous ultrasound and placebo ultrasound. Patients were evaluated at baseline and at the end of the treatment by a visual analog scale and thumb pinch strength (Tip, Key and Palmar pinch strength). Pre-intervention showed no significant differences between the study and control groups’ pain scores and thumb pinch strengths (p>0.05). After 4 weeks’ intervention, the study group showed a decreased pain score compared to the control group (p< 0.05). Also observed was an increase and significant differences for all thumb pinch strengths (p<0.05) in the study group. In the control group, no differences were observed in the pain scores or thumb pinch strength between pre- and post-intervention (p> 0.05). The ultrasound therapy was effective in promoting reduction of wrist pain and improving the function status of the affected hand in lactating women with De Quervain’s tenosynovitis.
Keywords: De Quervain's disease; Ultrasound; Postnatal; Therapy
Authors: Kuljeet Singh Anand; Mahesh Kumar Talele; Prashant Kumar; Jyoti Garg; Rajinder Kuma Dhamija
Abstract: There is a growing need to address rehabilitation issues to supplement medical therapy in Parkinson’s Disease (PD). The aim of this prospective follow-up study was to look for an association between the systematic program of the daily activity schedule and the improvement in activities of day to day living in patients with moderately disabling Parkinson’s disease. A total of 76 patients with Parkinson’s disease on a stable, pharmacological regimen with moderate disability participated in this study. All patients were educated about daily activities to practice at home. All the cases were evaluated at baseline and at 3 months by the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) II & VI (Activities of Daily Living). The study demonstrated statistically significant improvement in the mean score of UPDRS II & VI. The activities of daily living had favourable results in the reduction of the impact of the disability. In conclusion, a systematic program of a daily activity schedule has an association with improvement in activities of daily living in moderately disabled Parkinson’s disease.
Keywords: Activities of Daily Living; Parkinson Disease; Rehabilitation
Authors: Sonal Khurana; Piyush Singh; Shaily Razdan
Abstract: People with tetraplegia tend to have sedentary lifestyle which prevents optimal participation in work and recreational activities. Thus, the aim of the present study is to determine the effect of the use of diaphragmatic breathing techniques on perceived exertion and cardiovascular variables during resistance exercises performed by tetraplegic rugby athletes who use wheelchairs as their primary mode of mobility. Forty tetraplegic rugby athletes with incomplete C5-C8 spinal cord injury were selected randomly to participate in the present study, and were assigned to one of two equal groups: 1) the experimental group that was taught to perform resistance exercises without any breathing instruction followed by sessions including different breathing techniques, and 2) the control group. Perceived exertion, blood pressure and heart rate were measured prior to and following each resistance exercises session. The collected data indicates that performing resistance exercises without any breathing instruction induced the highest cardiovascular and perceived exertion responses in both groups. Exhalation during the concentric phase of the exercise was associated with elevations in all responses as compared to inhalation during the concentric phase of the exercise which resulted in significant reduction of all responses (p 0.01). These results suggest that coupling inhalation or exhalation with the concentric phase of the lift of resistance exercises produces similar blood pressure responses, while the inhalation technique specifically reduces heart rate and perceived exertion. Thus, the inhalation technique is recommended for its sustained effects on all studied variables. The findings of the current study contradict the generally accepted relationship between the rate of perceived exertion and heart rate during exercises performed by people without disabilities.
Keywords: Wheelchair Rugby Athlete; Resistance Exercises; Diaphragmatic Breathing Techniques; Perceived Exertion; Hypertensive Crises
Authors: Ashraf H. Mohamed; Adel A. Nossier; Mohamed M. Ibrahim; Walaa K. E. Saad Eldin
Abstract: Introduction: Otitis media is a simple no serious condition without complications. The aim is for faster resolution of the symptoms and prevention of regressions. In Otitis media inflammation media means middle so it is inflammation of the middle ear. This inflammation often begins with infections that cause sore throat, colds or other respiratory problems and spread to the middle ear. Infections can be caused by viruses or bacteria, and can be a cute or chronic. Acute Otitis media is usually of rapid onset and short duration. Acute Otitis media is typically associated with fluid accumulation in the middle ear together with signs or symptoms of ear infections, a bulging eardrum usually accompanied by pain, or a perforated eardrum, often with drainage of purulent material (pus, also termed supporative otitis media) fever may be present. Most patients will have minor, temporary hearing loss during and right after an ear infection. This is due to fluid lingering the ear. Fluid-can remain behind the ear drums even after the infection has cleared. Objectives: The goal of this work is to study the therapeutic effect of simultaneous noninvasive influence of infrared laser radiation on the treatment of some diseases of the auditory organ and to determine the efficiency of Laser therapy as an independent method as well as in combination with pharmacotherapy. The treatment is aimed to enhance resolution of the symptoms and to relieve pain associated, with decrease the inflammation and edema of the mucous membrane. The treatment is important to minimize the psychological stress prevent associated complications. Materials and Methods: This was a therapeutic trials study on 30 patients suffering from acute otitis media due to inhalation injuries. They were collected from the E.N.T. department of Al Kasr El Ainiy Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, during the period from Nov. 2015 to Jan. 2016, and divided into two equal groups: Group A, the laser therapy group (laser therapy + medical treatment), and- Group B, the Control group (medical treatment only). The parameters investigated in this study involved tympanometers, visual analogue scale (VAS) before and after one month from the beginning of treatment. Results: The results indicated that there were significant decreases in tympanometer values, which means significant improvement in whole signs values (pain, tinitis, vertigo, otorrhea). Conclusion: Laser treatment was more effective in combination with routine medical treatment (antibiotic – antihistaminic drugs) before and after one month from the beginning of treatment.
Keywords: Acute; Otitis Media; Vertigo; Tympanometer; Earache; Inhalation Injury
Authors: Gehan Mosaad Abd- El Maksoud
Abstract: Fine motor skills (FMS) represent the main part of various activities of daily living (ADL). Children with fine motor skill impairments have a difficulty with everyday activities, social interaction with peers and academic achievement. The aim of the current study was to evaluate fine motor skill proficiency in children with Down Syndrome (DS) and typically developing (TD) children. One hundred children, ages 8 - 10, fifty children with DS (DS group) and fifty typically developing children (TD group) participated in the present study. FMS proficiency was evaluated for all participants using the Bruininks - Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (BOT-2). Two motor-area composites; Fine Manual Control (including fine motor precision and fine motor integration subtests) and Manual Coordination (including manual dexterity and upper limb coordination subtests) were chosen to assess different aspects of fine motor skills of participants. Significant differences were found between both groups in all subtest scores and in the Fine Manual Control and Manual Coordination composite score (P < 0.05). Additionally, significant differences were noticed within the DSG and the TDG regarding their respective performances in the evaluated subtests and composites of the BOT-2 (P < 0.05). DS children have a lower performance than peers with typical development in all aspects of FMS proficiency. Fine motor performance should be considered when evaluating school-aged children with DS, as it is essential in planning early rehabilitation programs for them.
Keywords: Down Syndrome; Bruininks - Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency; Manual Coordination; Fine Manual Control; Fine Motor Skill Proficiency
Authors: Shamekh Mohamed El-Shamy; Anwar Abdelgayed Ebid; Mohamed Mohamed Ibrahim Ali; Ahmed Mohamed Elsodany; Ali Abdel Monsef Monsef Thabet; Omar Farouk Helal
Abstract: Background: Varicose veins are common among pregnant women. In addition to them not being visible, they can be very discomforting. Objective: This current study’s goal was to explore the impact of calf muscle exercises on varicose veins in postpartum women. Methods: Forty postpartum females, ranging from ages 26 to 36, with varicose veins on the lower limbs participated in this study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: group (A) performed calf muscle strengthening exercises in addition to using compression stockings; group (B) were considered the control group and used only the compression stocking. All participants received their usual medications as prescribed by their physician. Before and after treatment, venous duplex ultrasound scanning was conducted in order to measure the inner diameter of the great saphenous vein (IDGSV) at the knee and ankle. Results: In comparison to control group (B), there was a significant decrease (p > 0.0001) in the IDGSV at both the ankle and knee in the exercise group (A). Conclusion: Calf muscle exercise is an influential remedying modality for women with postpartum varicose veins.
Keywords: Calf Strengthening Exercise; Varicose Veins; Post Partum
Authors: Omar Farouk Helal; Wong Wai Man; Mansour Abdullah Alshehri
Abstract: Background: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is one of the most common foot conditions. It has a negative impact on foot function and limits daily activities. Among all conservative interventions, foot orthosis is widely used for the management of PF. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of customised foot orthosis (CFO) and prefabricated foot orthosis (PFO) on pain and function in people with PF. Research Strategy: Medline, Embase, CINAHL Plus, AMED and SPORTDiscus databases were searched from 2008 (the date of the latest relevant systematic review) to July 2016. Study Selection: Original research trials that met these criteria were included: (1) published randomised controlled trials, (2) participants diagnosed with PF, (3) evaluation of the effectiveness of both CFO and PFO, (4) and pain and/or function as outcome measures. Data Extraction: PRISMA guidelines were employed to extract relevant data from trials that matched the inclusion criteria and two independent reviewers assessed the quality of studies. Results: A total of 631 studies were screened, and in the final process of selection, only two studies met the inclusion criteria. Both studies demonstrated that the use of foot orthosis in people with PF was associated with a greater improvement about pain and function. Also, both studies found that CFO produced similar effects compared to PFO, based on self-reported questionnaires results, such as visual analogue scale (VAS), foot function index (FFI) and 36-Item short form health survey (SF-36). One of the studies used an objective measurement tool to monitor participants’ activities by using a body-worn sensor and found that CFO was over PFO regarding episodes of walking and sit-to-stand duration. However, Meta-analysis of FFI scores showed that CFO was not statistically greater than PFO on pain (SMD −0.09, 95% CI −0.41 to 0.24; P=0.60) and function (SMD −0.18, 95% CI −0.50 to 0.15; P=0.29). Conclusion: There is moderate evidence to show that CFO was as effective as PFO for treating PF in the short term, while the weak evidence showed that CFO was more effective than PFO. However, the long-term effect of both interventions remains unclear. Further well-structured studies with extended follow-up periods and the use of objective measurements are therefore recommended.
Keywords: Plantar Fasciitis; Heel Pain; Foot Orthosis; Customised Foot Orthosis; Prefabricated Foot Orthosis