Volume 1 Issue 1
Authors: Ahmad Reza Golparvar
Abstract: Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) is widely used in pharmacy, cosmetics and Food industries of developed countries; it is a strong disinfectant with antioxidant. Randomized complete blocks design was used to determine the effects of harvesting times on herbage yield and quality/quantity of oil in Garden thyme. This study was conducted in research farm of Khorasgan branch of Islamic Azad University in 2010-2012 years. Plants were harvested in five harvesting times, i.e. in the vegetative stage, beginning of blooming, 50% blooming, full blooming and fruit set stages. Oils were extracted by hydrodistillation. Thymol percentage was determined by GC/MS. Results showed the significant effects of harvesting times on essence and thymol yield and percentage. Mean comparison showed that beginning of blooming has significantly the highest essence efficiency (2.51%). Although, 50% blooming stage showed the highest fresh and dry herbage as well as essence and thymol yield. In conclusion, it is recommended to harvest this plant at 50% blooming to gain the highest essence and thymol yield and dry herbage in Thymus vulgaris L.
Keywords: Thyme; Harvesting Times; Dry Herbage; Essential Oil; Thymol Yield
Authors: Marina Ju?kovi?; Biljana Bojovi?; Mili? Matovi?
Abstract: Juniperus communis L. (Cupresaceae) is widely distributed in the forest region of Serbia. In addition to ecological significance as a pioneer species in forest regeneration, it is also of important medicinal plant. Its fruit produces a valuable essential oil. The composition of the essential oil from Juniperus communis was analyzed by GC-MS, and microbiological assays were carried out. Samples were collected in different localities of Zlatar Mountain, (west Serbia). Of the total isolated 42 compounds, identified is 32. The major compounds in the essential oils were α-pinene, sabinene, p-cymene, l-limonene, and α-terpinolene. Also, both qualitative and quantitative differences between different parts of the plant were observed. The essential oils and their major compounds were tested against Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, Esherichia coli and Pseudomonas flurescens. The obtained results indicate to a significant inhibitory effect essential oils on growth many pathogenic microorganisms.
Keywords: Juniperus Communis; Essential Oil; Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Tehmina Asmat; Muhammad Zafar; Mushtaq Ahmad; Mir Ajab Khan
Abstract: Pollen grains of 7 species belonging to 3 genera viz., Kickxia, Scrophularia and Veronica (Scrophulariaceae) from Dir valley, Pakistan were studied by light microscope. Pollen grains are usually radially symmetrical, isopolar, oblate-spheroidal or prolate-spheroidal or sub-prolate, and tricolpate. On the basis of exine ornamentation two distinct Pollen types are recognized. Scrophularia pollen type with scabrate sculpturing and Veronica pollen type with psilate sculpturing. Palynological data has been useful at generic and specific level.
Keywords: Kickxia; Scrophularia; Veronica; Pollen morphology; Dir valley