Volume 1 Issue 1
Authors: Leonid I. Perlovsky
Abstract: Emotions of spiritually sublime are psychological foundations of religions. Whereas science and religion are often considered irreconcilable, this paper demonstrates that psychological foundations of religions are fundamental cognitive mechanisms. The paper reviews mathematical models of cognitive mechanisms of concepts, emotions, the mind hierarchy, and discusses specific emotions related to improvement of knowledge. These emotions at the top levels of the mind hierarchy motivate search for concepts unifying the entire human experience. Arguments are presented that these concepts are subjectively perceived as the meaning and purpose of life and emotions involved in improving these concepts include emotions of spiritually sublime. The article briefly reviews brain imaging data supporting these cognitive-mathematical models. Science strives for a detailed understanding of reality even if this differentiation threatens the wholeness of psyche. Religion strives to maintain the wholeness of psyche, even if at the expense of a detailed understanding of the world and self. The paper analyzes cognitive forces driving human minds to achieve both and presents arguments that these motivational forces are related to sublime emotions acting in top-down and bottom-up directions in the hierarchy of the mind.
Keywords: Concepts; Emotions; Instincts; Knowledge Instinct; Aesthetic Emotions; Hierarchy; Beautiful; Spiritually Sublime; Cognition; Differentiation; Synthesis; Language; Mind; Religion; God
Authors: Chiara Incorpora; Gianluca Sala; Serena Oliveri; Alessandro Antonietti; Annalisa Risoli
Abstract: The paper aims at investigating the tendency to rely on both verbal or visual representation and strategies in patients recently affected by brain injuries and to assess the role of rehabilitation treatment in modulating such a tendency. Thirty patients were administered self-report questionnaires measuring the verbalizer-visualizer style within six months from the traumatic event and the rehabilitation training they followed was taken into account. Results showed that deficits in memory and executive functions, and mainly in visual-spatial cognition, reduced the tendency toward visualization. Such a reduction was prevalently associated to lesions in the right hemisphere. No difference was found according to treatment (motor, occupational, logopedic and neuropsychological rehabilitation). Findings stress time passed from the triggering event as the critical factor influencing cognitive style and rehabilitation efficacy.
Keywords: Cognitive Styles; Imagery; Verbalizer; Visualizer; Brain Lesion; Cognitive Rehabilitation
Authors: Reji M. Issac
Abstract: Cybernetics, the king of all sciences, is the art and science of understanding that is also known for to cure all temporary truth about eternal triteness, deals with words. As we all know the basic difference between human beings and animals are with respect to thinking, where humans are more endowed with divine qualities and powers, which are controlled through the Words. Humans are also involved in the creation of the Words through their creative abilities. This communication and control is really done through an invisible media known as Noosphere, where exchange of Words, generation of Words, rearrangement of Words and modification of Words are done in the Heart. These words also reveal some important inventions with respect to diseases in human bodies where there is a possibility of healing through the Word of God. It also finds answers for most complex psychic diseases, which were unanswered. It is being clearly proved that the world is constructed, activated and maintained through the Words of God. This paper discus in detail about the generation of the words, the communication process involved and how it is linked with the formation of Spirit and how it is connected with human life. This paper also brings a Symbol for the Word, which also explains its function, existence and origin. The cognitive aspects of the subject are also discussed in this paper in the light of Cognitive Psychology and Cognitive Science. This paper discusses about the possible remedies and reasons for various psychiatric ailments like Tinnitus. Three thinking skill theories are added in this paper as cybernetics way of thought to eliminate and reduce psychic diseases, where psychiatry is declared as king all medical sciences. This paper also informs how noosphere can be used to control the Global Consciousness with empowerment.
Keywords: Psychiatry; Cognitive Psychology; Control; Cybernetics; Noology; Noosphere; Word; Clairvoyance; Brain-based Information Communications; Cognition; Brain; Learning (Artificial Intelligence); Brain Information Processing; Neural Circuit; Abstraction; Informa
Authors: Eleni Panagou; Dimitrios A. Georgiou
Abstract: Identification of learning styles supports Adaptive Educational Hypermedia Systems compiling and presenting tutorials custom in cognitive characteristics of each individual learner. This work addresses the issue: identifying the learning style of students, following the Kolb’s learning cycle. To this purpose, we propose a three-layer Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) in conjunction with a dynamic Hebbian rule for learning styles recognition. The form of FCMs is designed by humans who determine its weighted interconnections among concepts. But the human factor may not be as reliable as it should be. Thus, a FCM model of the system allows the adjustment of its weights using additional learners’ characteristics such as the Learning Ability Factors. In this article, two consecutively interconnected FCM (in the form of a three layer FCM) are presented. The schema’s efficiency has been tested and compared to known results after a fine-tuning of the weights of the causal interconnections among concepts. The simulations results of training the process system verify the effectiveness, validity, and advantageous characteristics of those learning techniques for FCMs. The online recognition of learning styles by using three-layer Fuzzy Cognitive Map improves the accuracy of recognition obtained using Bayesian Networks that uses quantitative measurements of learning style taken from statistical samples. This improvement is due to the fuzzy nature of qualitative characterizations (such as learning styles), and the presence of intermediate level nodes representing Learning Ability Factors. Such factors are easily recognizable characteristics of a learner to improve adjustment of weights in edges with one end in the middle-level nodes. This leads to the establishment of a more reliable model, as shown by the results given by the application to a test group of students.
Keywords: Adaptive Educational Hypermedia Systems; LO Standards; LO Interoperability; Learning Style
Authors: Reiji Nanba; Myokin Tokuyama; Shigeru Isogai; Mitsunori Tanaka; Masakazu Takahashi
Abstract: In this research, we have verified whether spring-water spots have what it takes to be the core of the mutually supportive network. Based on this verification, we have evaluated whether spring-water spots can become the foundation of a mutually supportive network. The above mentioned findings show us that elderly persons visit spring-water spots at their own initiative, and they can build better and cooperative relationships with other visitors. Therefore, it is highly probable that spring-water spots have sufficient qualities to serve as the core for a mutually-cooperative network.
Keywords: Spring-water Spots;Mutually Supportive Network; Fac- tor Analysis; Mental Balance; Personalities