Volume 2 Issue 2
Authors: Changyong Wang; Honghuan Zhang; Menglan Duan
Abstract: As a vital component of Subsea X-tree, the tubing hanger has a significant impact on the safety level of Subsea X-tree. The reliability of the tubing hanger directly determines the service life of the tree. Among all the factors such as the design level, human error and the validity of the control system that would probably influence the reliability of the tubing hanger, the reliability of structural strength is the basis of normal production. In this paper, the probability design system of ANSYS based on the response surface method is used to calculate the reliability of the tubing hanger main body which is used in the water 300-meter deep. Finally, several important variable parameters in the proposed model of tubing hanger are discussed.
Keywords: Structure Reliability; Tubing Hanger; Response Surface Method; Subsea X-tree
Authors: Jaroslav Legemza; Katarína Hakulinová
Abstract: The submitted paper deals with experimental study of simulated refining systems. It focuses on two methods of melting temperature measurement by using the high-temperature microscope and the thermocouple in Marsh furnace. Temperature represents one of the most important physico– chemical properties of metallurgical slag systems. The melting interval is measured by using high temperature microscope while melting temperature is measured by using the thermocouple in Marsh furnace. It was found that both methods are suitable for the measurement of the slag systems melting temperature up to 1450°C and can give reliable results. The obtained results were confronted with theoretical knowledge. For experiment, slag systems similar to the Reactol 400/2 used as a refined tundish slag in Podbrezová Steel Plant were employed. Systems were done by combining natural materials with pure oxides.
Keywords: Continuous Casting; Steel Refinery Slag; Slag Properties; Melting Temperature; High–temperature Microscope
Authors: K. R. Dhurai; K. Ramalingam; R. Velavan; M. Eswaramoorthy
Abstract: An Experimental study on biomass gasifier for burner system is presented in this paper. Biomass gasifier is developed and An Experimental study on biomass gasifier for burner system is presented in this paper. Biomass gasifier is developed and tested by using coconut shell as fuel for producing bio-gas. The generated bio-gas is directly used in burner system for combustion process and heating applications. The activated carbon is a waste product in this process, which is highly in demand for water purification system and can, sold to neutralize the fuel cost. In this work a Biomass Gasifier is designed, fabricated and commissioned to get biogas with carbon monoxide & carbon dioxide.
Keywords: Biomass gasifier; Biogas burner; Bamboo combustion; Coconut shell combustion; Overall Efficiency; Activated Carbon
Authors: Akshata G. Patil; S. Anandhan
Abstract: Fly ash (FA) is a waste material produced by combustion of coal. Large quantities of FA have been generated worldwide from thermal power stations. Many routes have been tried for the safe disposal of FA. In an effort to add value to FA, a class-F FA that has been generated by a thermal power station was subjected to high energy ball milling. Ball milling was carried out for a total duration of 60 hrs and samples were taken out at regular intervals for characterizing various properties of the ball milled FA. Crystallite size and particle size of the ball milled FA were determined by X-ray diffraction and dynamic laser scattering, respectively. The shape and texture were studied using SEM and TEM. IR Spectroscopy revealed that the smooth and inert surface of the FA was converted to a rough and more reactive one by ball milling. It was found that after 60 hrs of milling, crystallite size of quartz phase present in the FA was reduced from 37.58 nm to 9.25 nm and the average particle size got reduced from 94.35 μm to 0.70 μm.
Keywords: Fly Ash; High Energy Ball Milling; Nanomaterial; Waste; Electron Microscopy
Authors: Muhammad Ery Wijaya; Yusak Tanoto
Abstract: This paper studies the nuclear power plant development in Java-Madura-Bali area in the Indonesian Long-term electricity planning perspective. Indonesian electricity demand has continuously risen year by year particularly in the Java-Madura-Bali area, or often known as “JaMaLi” area. Holding the largest share for economic activities in the country, it is served by the largest electricity grid in Indonesia called the JaMaLi interconnection system. It is found that the electricity demand in JaMaLi area will increase to 308 TWh in 2025, of which the demand will be dominated by the household sector with 131 TWh or 42% of total electricity consumption. To meet this future demand, a total of 66 GW of installed power plant capacity have to be developed, being fuelled by various energy resources available in Indonesia, excluding nuclear. This paper explores the possibility of long-term electricity expansion planning in the JaMaLi area by including nuclear power plant in order to meet the future demand and environmental protection concern as well as to increase the supply security up to 2027. During the study period, the potential of energy resources available for JaMaLi area along with two electricity supply scenarios based on nuclear and non-nuclear sources are assessed. At the end of the projection, the nuclear power plants may contribute to the reducing of the fossil power plants requirement such as coal and natural gas by 2 GW and 1.9 GW respectively. Meanwhile, the total emission reduction achieved by nuclear scenario is estimated 16.8 million tons of CO2 equivalent.
Keywords: Electricity Planning; Emission Mitigation; Energy Policy; Energy Security; Nuclear Energy
Authors: Antonio Gagliano; Francesco Patania; Riccardo Caponetto; Francesco Nocera; Aldo Galesi
Abstract: The emission of greenhouse gases produced by the HVAC plants, transport networks and other anthropic activities in urban areas, produces a deep impact on the local atmospheric conditions, as the urban heat island (UHI), heat waves and so on. The alteration of climate condition (temperature, humidity, etc.) makes the urban environment out of the homeostatic plateaux of human species. The main bioclimatic indexes may be used in urban climate studies to describe the level of thermal sensation that people feels because of climatic conditions. These indexes provide a meaningful and realistic indicator to readily discover possible physiological and psychological damages that people could suffer for the effects of altered bioclimatic conditions. To the aim to prevent harmful health effects of heat-waves, the authors have developed a model to predict the weather for the next day thanks to an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique. In this way the researchers have used the forecasted meteorological data to calculate the bioclimatic indexes. The values of the bioclimatic indexes calculated using the forecasted meteorological data by ANN have been validated by comparing with the bioclimatic indexes values calculated using the data (temperature, relative humidity and wind velocity) recorded, in the same interval of time, from the meteorological stations. The authors have verified that the proposed methodology have a good level of accuracy. The proposed methodology could constitute an useful tool to predict the health risks related to heat wave and usable as heat health alert system to activate social and health care networks.
Keywords: Human Health; Urban Climate; Bioclimatic Index