Paper
Evaluation of Spatial Distribution of Groundwater Fluoride Using Geo-statistical Technique in Unnao District Uttar Pradesh, India
- Authors:
- S. K. Jha; A.K. Nayak; Y.K. Sharma
- Abstract
- Geo-statistical technique was used to study the spatial variability of fluoride (F) in the ground water in Unnao District, Uttar Pradesh, India. The delineation and mapping of F were carried out using semi-variograms, based on sampling at random intersection of 5 km x 5 km of square grid from shallow and deep hand pumps during both pre-monsson and post-monsoon seasons. The F concentrations in both shallow and deep handpumps were found to be spatially distributed. The F was estimated by point kriging method at un-sampled site and the interpolated kriged maps prepared, which showed a clear regional spatial variations pattern of F with distinct loops. It was also revealed that the shallow handpumps are highly contaminated with F as compared to deep handpumps.
- Keywords
- Geo-statistical; Spatial Variability; Delineation; Fluoride; Kriging
- StartPage
- 39
- EndPage
- 45
- Doi