Paper
Fluoride Quantification in Groundwater of Rural Habitations of Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Authors:
- V.K. Garg; Bhupinder Singh
- Abstract
- High concentration of fluoride in the groundwater of different parts of the world is responsible for widespread fluorosis. Haryana State in India is one such region where groundwater is laden with higher fluoride concentration. Since there are no major studies in the recent past, the present study was carried out to quantify the present status of groundwater quality in some rural habitations of Haryana State and also to assess the possible causes for high concentration of fluoride in groundwater. The fluoride concentration in underground water was quantified in five villages of Hodal block, Faridabad district of Haryana state (India) where it is the only source of drinking water. Various other water quality parameters namely pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved salts, total hardness, total alkalinity, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, carbonate, bicarbonate, chloride, phosphate, nitrate-nitrogen and sulphate concentrations were also measured. A systematic calculation of correlation coefficients among different physico-chemical parameters was performed. The analytical results indicated considerable variations among the analyzed samples with respect to their chemical composition. Majority of the samples do not comply with Indian as well as WHO standards for most of the water quality parameters measured. The fluoride concentration in the underground water of study area varied from 1.0 to 40.0 mg/l, Overall water quality was unsuitable for drinking purposes without any prior treatment. The results indicated that weathering of rocks and anthropogenic activities were responsible for high fluoride concentration in groundwater of this area.
- Keywords
- Fluoride; Groundwater; Ion selective electrode; Fluorosis; Rocks
- StartPage
- 8
- EndPage
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- Doi