Volume 3 Issue 3
Authors: Arash Saboori; Magdy Abdelrahman; Anthony Waldenmaier
Abstract: Sustainability is defined as human stewardship towards resources of our planet. Researchers recognize 7 general tools for implementing sustainable practices, which can be applied to project alternatives or decision making. Considering the significant amount of materials, energy, and other resources involved in pavement industry and the impact it has on the environment, implementation of sustainability in pavement industry is of grave importance. This could be achieved either through: (1) optimization of current processes or (2) development of new processes and technologies for pavement construction. For optimizing current processes, this paper targets quality as the main channel for promoting sustainability in pavement construction. Quality is the main parameter in construction activities which is constantly controlled and could serve as a measure on how efficiently resources have been used in the project. In other words promoting quality could act as a method for implementation of sustainable development. In pavement projects incentives/disincentives for quality are applied using pay factors. Life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is introduced as a rational method for calculating pay factors, discussed as a method for quantifying the quality performance and providing a method to choose the most sustainable alternative through cost evaluation. Besides improving quality, new technologies that allows reduction in use of resources (such as fuel) and CO2 emission are of interest in pavement construction. In this regard Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) is discussed as an alternative to Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA), which would promote sustainable development. The paper finalizes the discussion with a review of recycling in pavement industry and use of recycled materials in construction.
Keywords: Sustainability; Quality; Pay Factors; Life Cycle Cost Analysis; Warm Mix Asphalt; Recycled Materials
Authors: Shambhavi S Singh; S. K. Panthi; Meraj Ahmed; R. Dasgupta; A.K. Jha
Abstract: Springback always remains a major concern in the sheet metal forming industry. In this paper, springback analysis is presented in flanging process considering various parameters. In this process, it is difficult to get the flange leg of desired angle with a controlled shape due to elastic recovery of material. Springback generally depends on the forming velocity, geometric parameters and material of sheet. At high velocity the forming of sheet increases and springback decreases but it is difficult to predict springback analytically due to complex material deformation. In this study, commercially available Finite Element software is used to see the effect of higher velocity on springback and other parameters.
Keywords: Springback; FEM; Flanging
Authors: Ratiba Wided BIARA; Djamal ALKAMA
Abstract: The know-how that old frameworks conjugate in the Algerian Sahara seems to fade over time. The urbanization process has shaped cities, merely to transpose the models of the north of the country, without taking into account the austere climatic conditions of the region. As a result, space professionals seem more concerned by thermal comfort, specifically in outdoor public spaces which are deserted during the hot periods. This is the case of “the square of camels” in Bechar city: legendary space, long elected place of the urbanity by excellence, today at the risk of expiration, mainly because of the sunlight and excessive heat. Then perpetuate the use of this space of relaxation, essential to the environment in which persons live, needs to ensure the bioclimatic comfort. Hence the need to render the nature (a means used by the ancients, to ensure a microclimate in vernacular establishments), that is able to make the public place, appropriate to usages in terms of health, comfort and configuration of the space for a renewed pleasure to live there. Therefore, this paper attaches to demonstrate the importance of the nature place of, Sahara city and, more particularly, that of the plant as a determinant in the assessment of “the place of camels” in Bechar city.
Keywords: Urban Space; Sahara; Sunlight; Plant; Sustainability