Volume 2 Issue 2

Authors: Yin Li; Wei Yan

Abstract: In this paper, we apply (G'/G) -expansion method to obtain the travelling wave solutions of the generalized Kawahara equation and the generalized KdV equation. We use the hyperbolic functions and trigonometric functions and rational functions to express the exact solutions of the generalized Kawahara equation and the generalized KdV equation.

Keywords: (G'/G) -Expansion Method; Generalized Kawahara Equation; Generalized Kdv Equation

Doi:10.5963/JBAP0202010

Authors: Roland Hetzer; Hussein Shwan; Dagmar Kemper; Axel Unbehaun; Michael Dandel; Hans Lehmkuhl; Henryk Siniawski; Julia Stein

Abstract: Background: Invasive echocardiographic and wave intensity (WI) parameters were used to predict the clinical outcome of patients on the waiting list for heart transplantation. Methods and results: The study group consisted of 151 consecutive outpatients (age 48.7±12 years; 110 men) with end-stage dilative cardiomyopathy. The patients were divided into Subgroup A (good outcome) and Subgroup B (those suffering death, implantation of mechanical circulatory support or treated by Tx because of worsening). There were no demographic or somatic (weight and height) differences between the two groups. The follow-up period was 31±8 months. Non-invasive WI was studied in the common carotid artery. During follow-up 44 pts were lost; there were 15 cardiac deaths (10%), life-saving ventricular assist device implantation in 10 (6.6%) and transplantation in 19 (12.7%). For statistical purposes a cut-off value was set for “low first peak” (assessed in a previous study as < 4100 mmHg*s³); the cut-off for other echocardiographic and invasive parameters was set on the basis of our own experience. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of poor outcome was 1st peak of WI (OR 4.4, CI 2.7-9.5, p<0.001). Less powerful predictors of the risk of deterioration were PCP, diastolic PAP and E/A mitral wave relation (p=0.05). Conclusions: The wave intensity hemodynamic index 1st peak of ventricular-arterial coupling can be used in addition to classical echocardiographic parameters for investigation of patients suffering from heart failure to assess the stage of the disease more precisely than conventional markers of heart function.

Keywords: Wave Intensity; Heart Failure; Heart Transplantation

Doi:10.5963/JBAP0202008

Authors: P.D. Krishnani; A. Goswami; Sudipta Samanta; Sachin Chachara; V. K. Mulik; B.S. Shivashankar; S. V. Surayanarayana; H. Naik; Sadhana Mukerji

Abstract: The (n, γ) and (n, 2n) reaction cross-section of 238U at average neutron energies of 13.5 and 17.28 MeV from the 7Li(p, n)7Be reaction has been determined using activation and off-line γ–ray spectrometric technique. The experimentally determined 238U(n, γ)239U and 238U(n, 2n)237U reaction cross-sections from present work were compared with the evaluated data of ENDF/BVII.0 and JENDL-4.0, JEFF-3.1/A and CENDL-3.1 (referenced in text). The experimental values were found to be in general agreement with the evaluated values obtained using ENDF/BVII.0, JENDL-4.0 and JEFF-3.1/A but it differs with the values obtained using CENDL-3.1. The present data along with literature data in a wide range of neutron energies were interpreted in terms of competition between 238U(n, γ), (n, f), (n, nf) and (n, xn) reactions channels. The 238U(n, γ) and 238U(n, 2n) reaction cross-sections were also calculated theoretically using the TALYS 1.4 computer code and were found to be in general agreement with the experimental data.

Keywords: 238U (n, γ)239U and 238U(n, 2n)237U Reaction Cross-Sections; 7Li(p, n)7Be Reaction; Average Neutron Energy; En = 13.5 and 17.28 MeV; Off-Line γ-Ray Spectrometric Technique; TALYS Calculation

Doi:10.5963/JBAP0202009

Authors: Ling Li; Yong Hong Wu; Xuegang Hu

Abstract: In this paper, a generalized mapping method for finding the exact traveling wave solutions of a nonlinear partial differential equation is discussed. Firstly, some new solutions of an auxiliary ordinary differential equation are introduced. They are then used to generate new exact solutions for the Boussinesq equation. The new solutions are then grouped into ten families and the properties of each family of solutions are demonstrated. We should also emphasize here that the developed method can also be applied to a large variety of nonlinear partial differential equations in physics and mechanics.

Keywords: Traveling Wave Solutions; Boussinesq Equation; Mapping Method; Solitons

Doi:10.5963/JBAP0202005

Authors: Rajeev Kumar Khare; Rekha Jaiswal; Anirudh Pradhan

Abstract: The Einstein’s field equations with variable cosmological “constant” are considered in presence of perfect fluid for a homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type-I space-time. Einstein’s field equations are exactly solved by considering scale factor a(t) = te^t (Pradhan et al. in Rom. J. Phys. 57: 2012) which yields a time-dependent deceleration parameter (DP), representing models which generate accelerating phase at the present epoch. The cosmological constant Λ is found to be a decreasing function of time and it approaches a small positive value at the present epoch which is corroborated by consequences from recent supernovae Ia observations. From recently developed Statefinder pair, the behaviour of different stages of the evolution of the universe has been studied. The physical and geometric implications of the cosmological models have also been discussed.

Keywords: Cosmology; Variable Cosmological Term; Perfect Fluid Models; Statefinder Parameter

Doi:10.5963/JBAP0202003

Authors: Zhang Jing

Abstract: The paper introduced a speech feature grouping algorithm for the speech recognition system based traditional Markov in accordance with the large computation of the traditional hidden Markov model and the Viterbi algorithm as well as the Gaussian mixture distribution probability. For the speech characteristic parameters, clustering was executed by K-Means algorithm on the basis of the first and second segmentation, and then obtained the grouped characteristic parameters and the parameters to be grouped, and the speech samples can be divided into different characteristic group according to these two parameters. On this basis, a grouping training algorithm was proposed by using the redundant, which improved the accuracy of grouping the speech characteristic by clustering algorithm. Compared with the traditional HMM method, the amount of calculation can be reduced more than 60% in the case of ensuring the speech recognition rate.

Keywords: Hidden Markov Model; Speech Characteristic Grouping; Segmentation Mean; K-Means Clustering; Redundancy Factor

Doi:10.5963/JBAP0202001

Authors: Wayne S. Kendal

Abstract: A power law relationship between the variance and the mean, when derived from sequential data using expanding enumerative bins, implies 1/f noise. This relationship, called fluctuation scaling by physicists and Taylor’s law by ecologists, is found within diverse physical, econometric and biological systems. Its origin remains controversial. Both fluctuation scaling and 1/f noise are proposed to manifest consequent to a central limit-like effect specified by the Tweedie convergence theorem that has as its foci of convergence a family of statistical distributions, the Tweedie exponential dispersion models. An example of fluctuation scaling and 1/f noise is provided here based on deviations in position of the prime numbers; the Tweedie compound Poisson distribution is shown to correspond to these deviations. Whereas many different physical and biological mechanisms have been proposed to explain fluctuation scaling, Taylor’s law and 1/f noise, such mechanisms are inapplicable to a number theoretic example like this. The Tweedie convergence theorem provides a generally applicable explanation for the origin of these scaling relationships, and can provide insight into processes like self-organized criticality and multifractality.

Keywords: Taylor’s Power Law; Exponential Dispersion Models; Multifractal; Self-organized Criticality; Prime numbers

Doi:10.5963/JBAP0202002

Authors: A. H&#252;tten; J. Meyer; A. Weddemann

Abstract: Assemblies of highly ordered magnetic nanoparticles dominated by dipolar particle coupling are analyzed in respect to their capability to act as a magnetic field sensor. We demonstrate a wide range of possibilities to tailor the response properties of the sensor to specific demands by either modification of the nanocomponents or the structure as a whole. Additionally, we find that increased detection sensitivity may be bought at the cost of an inherent noise signal. This behavior is contributed to the existence of four distinct operation modes each governed by a different energy contribution within the assembly.

Keywords: Granular Giant Magnetoresistance; Dipolar Coupling; Assembly of Magnetic Nanoparticles; Detection Sensitivity

Doi:10.5963/JBAP0202004

Authors: A.V. Trukhanov; A.N. Vasiliev; S.V. Trukhanov

Abstract: Thin films Mg(Fe0.8Ga0.2)2O4-δ were obtained on Si substrates by ion-beam sputtering of Mg(Fe0.8Ga0.2)2O4+δ ceramic target. The thickness of the films was 200 and 400 nm. Optimal conditions for the transfer of the target material were determined. It was found that the composition of the films was close to the target composition. Optimal conditions for film crystallization in phase with spinel structure were determined. The crystal structure and magnetic properties of the films with different thicknesses (200 and 400 nm) were investigated. The films annealed at 900°C are characterized by maximum values of specific magnetization. Magnetotransport properties of the films with thicknesses 200 nm were investigated. Found that the negative coefficient of magnetoresistance increases from 1.33% (at 220 K) till 5.53% (at 180 K) with decreasing temperature.

Keywords: Thin Films; Ferrite Spinel Oxide; Ion-Beam Sputtering; Magnetic and Magnetotransport Properties

Doi:10.5963/JBAP0202007

Authors: E. Arunan; V. Jayaram; Y. -B. Kwon; W. J. Moon; N. Koteeswara Reddy; K. P. J. Reddy

Abstract: In this article we explored the sustainability of carbon nanocomposite material under high temperature and pressure shock waves developed in an air ambience. The changes in the morphology, crystal structure and electrical properties of carbon nanostructures are discussed by comparing with untreated structures. After shock wave treatment, we have noticed two typical modifications such as weight-loss in the deposited material and formation of diamond nanoparticles. However, the impact of shock wave is limited to the carbon nanoparticles those are residing on the top-surface of the films. Degrade in the overall quality of treated films and increase in their electrical resistance has been noticed.

Keywords: Carbon Nanostructures; Thermal Protection Systems; Space Engineering Applications; High Enthalpy Shock Wave; Thermal Stability

Doi:10.5963/JBAP0202006